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The Age of Exploration and the Atlantic Slave Trade - study guide



True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
 

 1. 

The Age of Exploration was driven in large part by the search for wealth.
 

 2. 

The first country to launch large-scale voyages of exploration was Spain.
 

 3. 

Explorer Amerigo Vespucci concluded that the land discovered by Columbus was not part of Asia, but a new land.
 

 4. 

Spanish colonization of the Americas resulted in the deaths of millions of Native Americans from overwork, epidemic diseases, and mistreatment on plantations.
 

 5. 

Slave labor declined in the Americas as a result of the Age of Exploration.
 

 6. 

Unlike the Spanish, the Portuguese did not enslave Native Americans.
 

 7. 

Some enslaved Africans coped with inhumane conditions by trying to keep their cultural traditions alive.
 

 8. 

The first African slaves were captured by European colonists.
 

 9. 

Indentured servants from Europe were “slaves” in North America before the Africans.
 

 10. 

The American colonies would not have survived without the work of thousands of African slaves.
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 11. 

Sailors could calculate their location based on the position of the sun and stars in relation to the horizon with the
a.
compass.
c.
caravel.
b.
astrolabe.
d.
nautical map.
 

 12. 

The ultimate goal of early English, Dutch, and French explorers was to
a.
find a passage to Asia.
c.
find a shorter southern route to Africa.
b.
colonize North America.
d.
find gold and silver in the Americas.
 
 
“The stench of the hold. . . was so intolerably loathsome, that it was dangerous to remain there for any time. . . The closeness of the place, and the heat of the climate. . . almost suffocated us. . . The shrieks of the women, and the groans of the dying, rendered the whole scene of horror almost inconceivable.”
—Olaudah Equiano, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, 1789
 

 13. 

In the passage by Olaudah Equiano, he describes
a.
plantation life.
c.
a slave ship.
b.
indentured servitude.
d.
an encomienda.
 

 14. 

The largest number of captured Africans were used as
a.
domestic servants.
c.
skilled craft workers.
b.
workers on Caribbean sugar plantations.
d.
ship hands.
 

 15. 

Many Native Americans helped Hernan Cortés because
a.
they resented paying tribute to the Aztec Emperor.
b.
they had intermarried with Spanish explorers.
c.
the Aztec rituals were unpopular with those they had conquered.
d.
they had been converted to Christianity.
 

 16. 

Planters in the Americas began to use African slaves for labor because
a.
Aztecs refused to work on plantations.
b.
they believed Native Americans were not human.
c.
disease had killed millions of Native Americans.
d.
African slaves were less expensive than Native American slaves.
 

 17. 

How did the Renaissance contribute to the Age of Exploration?
a.
by emphasizing the importance of converting people to Christianity
b.
by awakening a spirit of discovery and innovation in Europe
c.
by fostering a belief in the importance of working as a group
d.
by persuading Europeans that the pursuit of wealth was all-important
 

 18. 

What was an effect of the Columbian Exchange?
a.
Native American diseases destroyed European populations.
b.
The exchange of foods and animals had a dramatic impact on later societies.
c.
Llamas began to be used as beasts of burden.
d.
Triangular trade became less profitable.
 

 19. 

This played a key role in the Age of Exploration because it allowed sailors to know which direction was North at all times.
a.
compass
c.
caravel
b.
astrolabe
d.
textile
 

 20. 

Which of the following explorer’s thought he had reached the Asian islands known as the Indies when he had actually reached the Caribbean Islands?
a.
Pedro Cabral
c.
Christopher Columbus
b.
Amerigo Vespucci
d.
Henry the Navigator
 

 21. 

Although Ferdinand Magellan actually died in the Philippines, his crew was the first to do which of the following?
a.
sail around the southern tip of Africa
c.
explore the land called Brazil
b.
circumnavigate the globe
d.
find a Northeast passage to Asia
 

 22. 

What is the term used for the global exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between Europe and the Americas?
a.
Triangle Trade
c.
African Diaspora
b.
European Exchange
d.
Columbian Exchange
 

 23. 

These were huge estates in the Americas that grew cash crops such as sugar cane and tobacco.
a.
crop farms
c.
fiefs
b.
manors
d.
plantations
 

 24. 

Which of the following was an  impact of the Atlantic Slave Trade on the “New World?”
a.
the Aztecs gained power over European colonists
c.
generations of African leaders disappeared
b.
firearms led to increased violence
d.
slave labor helped colonies thrive
 

 25. 

A common misconception about slavery is that
a.
Southern plantation owners hated all Africans.
c.
most African slaves worked within the English colonies.
b.
Northern colonists wanted to free all of the slaves.
d.
all answers are correct.
 

 26. 

Many Negro spirituals, such as Wade in the Water,  were developed as a way to
a.
pass the time while working on plantations.
c.
blend American and African culture.
b.
escape from plantations using directions hidden in the songs.
d.
help African children learn to speak English.
 

 27. 

The Underground Railroad was
a.
a system of tunnels dug from the South to the North in America.
c.
a system used by slaves to gain freedom by escaping to Canada.
b.
a secret society of slaves that rebelled against their masters.
d.
a railway that only allowed slaves to travel on it.
 

 28. 

Which of the following “cash crops” was the major reason millions of slaves were needed in the Caribbean and Portuguese Brazil?
a.
sugar
c.
tobacco
b.
cotton
d.
chocolate
 

 29. 

The goods traded on Africa’s west coast in exchange for slaves included items such as
a.
gold, cotton, and alcohol
c.
gold, firearms, and sugar
b.
firearms, textiles, and alcohol
d.
alcohol, sugar, and textiles
 

Short Answer
 

 30. 

Using the space below, draw a diagram of the Triangle Trade, making sure to label the places linked by the three “legs” of the triangle and what was traded between the three different locations.  Please be as specific as possible.  (6 points)
 

 31. 

Draw two of the slides from the presentation in class using the space below.  Using complete sentences, write a caption that explains the drawing and how the drawing connects to the Atlantic Slave Trade and what you learned about it in class.  Please be specific with your information.  (2 points each)
 



 
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